NHS
England (NHSE) shares responsibility with the Secretary of State for promoting
a comprehensive health system in England, for securing improvements in physical
and mental health, and for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of
ill-health. NHSE’s role is to lead the NHS in delivering better health, better
care and the efficient use of NHS resources. In so doing, NHSE oversees the
provision of health services and an integrated system between health and social
care. NHSE has a budget of over £150 billion and oversees a health system
employing around 1.2 million people.
NHSE
will play a leading role in delivering improvements in patients’ care, value
for money and broader health reforms. This will include elective service
recovery and creating a new integrated system between health and social care.
NHSE
was established in 2012 (by the NHS Act 2006, as amended by the Health and
Social Care Act 2012 and since by the Health and Care Act 2022.) In July 2022,
statutory functions of NHS Improvement (Monitor and the Trust Development
Authority) were transferred to NHS England. 42 new Integrated Care Boards
(ICBs) were created to lead localities in arranging services.
NHSE leads
the commissioning of healthcare services in England.
Most commissioning has
historically been done by Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) throughout England
although some is undertaken directly by NHSE. The commissioning done directly by NHSE covers some
specialised services including for the justice system and the military, and for
other services that require such advanced teams/technology, or relate to rare
clinical conditions, and that are therefore more effectively commissioned
nationally rather than locally. Under the new framework of the 2022 Act, ICBs
have taken on the abolished CCGs’ functions and NHSE can delegate more of its
direct commissioning to these local systems. NHS
England has plans to delegate responsibility for the commissioning of further
primary care services - that is dentistry, eyecare, and pharmacy services - to
ICBs from April 2023.
The Secretary of State also delegates responsibility to NHSE for certain
public health services – including for example, national immunisation
programmes, cancer and non-cancer screening programmes, Child Health
Information Services and public health services for adults and children in
secure settings. Since October 2021, additional public health functions were
conferred upon NHSE following the abolition of Public Health England.
In
practice, this means that NHSE should lead and support the NHS in England and
take the action necessary to:
- deliver
the statutory mandate that the Government sets for it, as well as deliver the
aims of the NHS Long Term Plan, and stimulate ongoing development of services
to address the changing needs of populations in a way that seeks to reduce
inequalities in access, experience, and outcomes
- maintain
and improve health care services in a way that is financially and operationally
sustainable within the resource limits set by the government
- oversee
and support Integrated Care Systems, NHS trusts and NHS foundation trusts
- commission
specialised health services that cannot be effectively commissioned at local
level and deliver national infrastructure to facilitate the delivery of
services
- support
the long-term sustainability of the NHS, including its workforce, digital and
physical infrastructure and progress to deliver a net zero NHS
- perform
any functions of the Secretary of State which have been delegated to it
- deliver
other specific duties, regulatory functions and powers that cover:
- promoting the NHS Constitution
- improving the quality of services
- innovation and research
- reduce inequalities in access to and
outcomes from health services as well as in patient experience
- protecting patient choice
- promoting education and training
- promoting integration between health services
and health related services
- promoting and securing public
involvement in its decisions
- seeking to achieve objectives and comply
with requirements set for it by Government
- meeting the new ‘triple aim’ of better
health, better care and efficient use of NHS resources.
Forthcoming
Changes
In February, NHSE
took on the functions of NHS Digital, and from April NHSE will take on the
functions of Health Education England. This will significantly broaden NHSE’s
remit and opportunities to join up key enablers (workforce and digital) for
leading the NHS in England. As part of this, NHS England is undertaking the new
‘Creating the New NHS England’ programme, which will include a headcount
reduction at the centre of at least 30 and up to 40 percent to further help NHS
England to reduce bureaucracy and create a leaner but still expert centre with
fewer priorities.
NHS Long Term
Plan and NHSE mandate
NHSE and NHS
Improvement had already moved to a single leadership model in March 2019. The NHS Long
Term Plan, published in January 2019, set out an ambitious ten-year transformation
programme for the NHS.
NHSE has a
mandate from government (The
government's 2022 to 2023 mandate to NHS England (publishing.service.gov.uk)).
For 2022/23 the mandate prioritises the recovery and restoration of NHS
services, tackling health and healthcare disparities, driving innovation, and
continuing progress to integrated ways of working for health and care and
implementation of the Health and Care Act 2022 (Health and
Care Act 2022 (legislation.gov.uk)).
Mode of operation
The NHS
England Board is a unitary board in which both non-executive and executive
members work as a team. Formal business
meetings are held in public
and are broadcast live on the internet. Each meeting takes place alongside a private meeting for
reserved business as required. Much preparatory work for the meetings is done
by Board members in informal development sessions or ‘deep dives’.
Further
information about the NHS England Board and its governance, including the
standing orders, scheme of delegation, standing financial structures, and board
committees can be found at the following link NHS England » NHS
England board
Further details
about NHSE and its role in leading
the healthcare system can
be found here: